What theory focuses on the measurement and properties of shapes and figures?

Geometry is the branch of mathematics that deals specifically with the properties and measurements of shapes, figures, and spaces. It encompasses various concepts like points, lines, angles, surfaces, and solids, and explores how these elements interact with each other. Key topics in geometry include the study of congruence, similarity, and various geometric transformations, as well as the calculation of areas, volumes, and perimeters of different figures.

The other fields mentioned, such as calculus, combinatorics, and statistics, focus on different areas of mathematics. Calculus is primarily concerned with the concepts of change and motion, dealing with derivatives and integrals. Combinatorics involves the study of counting, arrangement, and combination of objects. Statistics concentrates on data analysis, interpretation, and presentation of numerical information. While these disciplines are essential in their own right, they do not specifically emphasize the measurement and properties of geometric shapes and figures as geometry does.